Source Methodology and Citation Standards

We prioritize primary public-health evidence and publish with explicit confidence framing to reduce misinformation risk in fast-moving outbreak narratives.

Source Hierarchy

  • Tier 1: WHO, CDC, PAHO primary outbreak documentation and surveillance bulletins.
  • Tier 2: Reuters/AP reporting with explicit attribution to primary health authorities.
  • Tier 3: Peer-reviewed journals and PubMed-indexed studies for mechanism and background context.
  • Tier 4: Supplemental explainers only when traceable to higher-tier evidence.

Citation Rules

  • Use direct links to source documents, not only aggregator summaries.
  • Timestamp case counts and transmission claims when values are time-sensitive.
  • Mark uncertainty when evidence is preliminary or conflicting.
  • Remove or revise claims when superseded by newer official guidance.

See author and reviewer profiles